{"id":889330,"date":"2016-06-14T11:18:36","date_gmt":"2016-06-14T17:18:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/?p=889330"},"modified":"2016-06-14T11:18:36","modified_gmt":"2016-06-14T17:18:36","slug":"can-a-government-agency-information-demand-trigger-a-liability-insurers-duty-to-defend","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/can-a-government-agency-information-demand-trigger-a-liability-insurers-duty-to-defend\/","title":{"rendered":"Can a Government Agency Information Demand Trigger a Liability Insurer\u2019s Duty to Defend?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>John P. Fischer | <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lexology.com\/library\/detail.aspx?g=d394e795-8f05-42d4-8fb4-3b18a19f1c9e&amp;utm_source=Lexology+Daily+Newsfeed&amp;utm_medium=HTML+email+-+Body+-+General+section&amp;utm_campaign=Lexology+subscriber+daily+feed&amp;utm_content=Lexology+Daily+Newsfeed+2016-06-08&amp;utm_term=\" target=\"_blank\">Barnes &amp; Thornburg LLP<\/a> | June 6, 2016<\/p>\n<p>Can a demand from a state agency trigger insurance coverage? A recent decision by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit says \u201cyes.\u201d Many, if not most, jurisdictions now recognize that a demand from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or a state agency to investigate and remediate contamination is the functional equivalent of a suit, which triggers a liability insurer\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/an-insurers-duty-to-defend-the-insured\/\" target=\"_blank\">duty to defend<\/a> the recipient of the demand. The logic is that a communication from a governmental agency that includes a coercive remediation demand under an environmental statute, with the threat of fines or penalties for non-compliance, sufficiently bears the hallmarks of a traditional court lawsuit that there is no functional distinction between the two. Moreover, public policy dictates that a policyholder need not refuse to comply with such a demand, forcing the government to initiate court proceedings against it, merely to obtain a defense against the demand from its liability insurer(s).<\/p>\n<p>But a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/10-tips-for-pursuing-claims-after-construction-accidents\/\" target=\"_blank\">formal cleanup demand<\/a> is not the only type of coercive governmental communication that a potentially responsible party might receive. The EPA and state agencies frequently issue formal demands that an owner or operator of a polluted site provide information in its possession regarding the operations at the site, including the use, storage, discharge, or disposal of compounds or chemicals used in those operations. The letters often state that contamination has been detected in soil and groundwater at or near the site; that the site, or past operations at the site, may be a source of the contamination; and that the owner or operator may possess information relevant to determining the source, cause and extent of the problem. As with the cleanup demands, these information demands often include a citation to an environmental statute or regulation and a reference to the potential assessment of penalties for non-compliance.<\/p>\n<p><em>The Ninth Circuit extends the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/indemnity-duty-to-defend-and-timing\/\" target=\"_blank\">duty to defend<\/a> beyond governmental cleanup demands, to include governmental information demands<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A case decided in May 2016 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit holds that governmental information demands that relate to alleged contamination are, like cleanup demands, the functional equivalent of \u201csuits\u201d triggering a liability insurer\u2019s duty to defend. In <em>Ash Grove Cement Co. v. Liberty Mutual Ins. Co.<\/em>, No. 13-35900, 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 8663 (9th Cir. May 11, 2016), the policyholder, who operated a cement plant at a contaminated site, received an information demand regarding the contamination from the EPA pursuant to 42 U.S.C. \u00a79604(e) (the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, or CERCLA). The policyholder notified its liability carriers of its receipt of this demand and requested a defense but the carriers denied an obligation to defend. <em>Id. <\/em>at *4-5.<\/p>\n<p>The court disagreed, observing that the EPA\u2019s letter was a \u201c\u2018coercive information demand[]\u2019 that qualifies as \u2018an attempt to gain an end through legal process[.]\u2019\u201d <em>Id. <\/em>at *5-6 (quoting <em>Anderson Bros., Inc. v. St. Paul Fire &amp; Marine Ins. Co.<\/em>, 729 F.3d 923 (9th Cir. 2013)). The court likewise rejected the insurers\u2019 contentions that the EPA\u2019s letter was merely a \u201cclaim;\u201d the letter did not require the policyholder to take action with respect to contamination; and it did not allege covered \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/epas-lead-renovation-repair-and-painting-rule-pushed-to-2015\/\" target=\"_blank\">property damage<\/a>.\u201d <em>Id. <\/em>at *6-7. In short, the court held that the policyholder was entitled to a defense against the government\u2019s information demands relating to the contamination, as well as any subsequent cleanup demand the policyholder might receive.<\/p>\n<p><em>Takeaway for policyholders<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The takeaway for policyholders potentially facing compulsory inquiries from governmental agencies is: never simply assume that a governmental demand is not covered by your past or present liability insurance. Depending on the language and context of the demand, and the applicable jurisdiction\u2019s insurance coverage law, a policyholder may be entitled to a defense against a coercive informational demand, as well as any cleanup demand the policyholder may ultimately receive.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>John P. Fischer | Barnes &amp; Thornburg LLP | June 6, 2016 Can a demand from a state agency trigger insurance coverage? A recent decision by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit says \u201cyes.\u201d Many, if not most, jurisdictions now recognize that a demand from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or a&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/can-a-government-agency-information-demand-trigger-a-liability-insurers-duty-to-defend\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Can a Government Agency Information Demand Trigger a Liability Insurer\u2019s Duty to Defend?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3],"tags":[57,23],"class_list":["post-889330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-insurance-claims","tag-duty-to-defend-2","tag-insurance-coverage","entry"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Can a Government Agency Information Demand Trigger a Liability Insurer\u2019s Duty to Defend? 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