{"id":895137,"date":"2018-10-30T12:25:18","date_gmt":"2018-10-30T18:25:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/?p=895137"},"modified":"2018-10-30T12:25:18","modified_gmt":"2018-10-30T18:25:18","slug":"florida-supreme-court-rebuffs-legislatures-mandate-adopt-daubert-standard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/florida-supreme-court-rebuffs-legislatures-mandate-adopt-daubert-standard\/","title":{"rendered":"Florida Supreme Court Rebuffs Legislature\u2019s Mandate to Adopt Daubert Standard"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Clifford J. Zatz and William L. Anderson | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lexology.com\/library\/detail.aspx?g=70bb9f2f-f51a-48ca-842a-c7b24ad24a33&amp;utm_source=Lexology+Daily+Newsfeed&amp;utm_medium=HTML+email+-+Body+-+General+section&amp;utm_campaign=Lexology+subscriber+daily+feed&amp;utm_content=Lexology+Daily+Newsfeed+2018-10-26&amp;utm_term=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Crowell &amp; Moring LLP<\/a> | October 22, 2018<\/p>\n<p>Five years after the Florida legislature amended the state\u2019s evidence code to incorporate the\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>standard for admissibility of expert testimony, the Florida Supreme Court last week held the amendment unconstitutional.\u00a0\u201cWith our decision today,\u201d said the Court, \u201cwe reaffirm that\u00a0<em>Frye<\/em>, not\u00a0<em>Daubert<\/em>, is the appropriate test in Florida courts.\u201d\u00a0Florida now rejoins the minority of states that adhere to the \u201cgeneral acceptance\u201d standard for expert testimony<em>.\u00a0<\/em>Equally important for toxic tort defendants, the Court held that medical causation testimony, including the \u201cevery exposure\u201d theory of mesothelioma causation, \u201cis not new or novel and is not subject to\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>analysis.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>This year marks the 25th anniversary of the U.S. Supreme Court\u2019s decision in\u00a0<em>Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>announced a new, \u201cflexible\u201d standard for the admissibility of scientific expert testimony, holding that the \u201cgeneral acceptance\u201d test of\u00a0<em>Frye v. United States<\/em>,\u00a0had been displaced by the Federal Rules of Evidence. Since then,\u00a0<em>Daubert<\/em>\u00a0has been the test in the federal courts; its standard is now incorporated in the text of Federal Rule of Evidence 702.<\/p>\n<p>But the\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>\u2013\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>debate has continued in the state courts. In 2016, in litigation alleging that cell phone radiation causes brain tumors, the District of Columbia finally abandoned\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>in favor of Rule 702.\u00a0By legislation effective in August 2017, Missouri adopted the\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>standard. In August of this year, the New Jersey Supreme Court required trial courts to consider the\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>factors, but stopped short of declaring New Jersey a \u201c<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>jurisdiction,\u201d declining to accept the entire body of\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>case law.\u00a0At last count,\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>states outnumbered\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>states by a ratio of about 4:1. (Three states \u2013 Nevada, North Dakota, and Virginia \u2013 maintain their own unique standards for admissibility.) Over the years, studies have shown that\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>leads more often than\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>to the exclusion of expert testimony, especially in favor of defendants.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps no state has grappled with the\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>\u2013\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>decision more than Florida. But the debate has come to an apparent end with the decision in\u00a0<em>DeLisle.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The path to the\u00a0<em>DeLisle\u00a0<\/em>decision was a long one, and reflected strong disagreement within the bar. After the legislature passed the so-called \u201c<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>Amendment\u201d in 2013, the Florida Bar\u2019s Code and Rules of Evidence Committee received comments on the Amendment. The comments were opposed to the Amendment by a count of 81-29. Accordingly, the Committee recommended, by a vote of 16-14, that the Supreme Court\u00a0<em>not\u00a0<\/em>adopt the Amendment. The Court then received comments of its own \u2013 this time 131-56 in\u00a0<em>favor\u00a0<\/em>of adopting\u00a0<em>Daubert.\u00a0<\/em>But in a February 16, 2017\u00a0<em>per curiam\u00a0<\/em>order, the Court declined to adopt the Amendment, to the extent it was procedural, \u201cdue to the constitutional concerns raised, which must be left for a proper case or controversy.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>DeLisle\u00a0<\/em>was that \u201ccase or controversy.\u201d The plaintiff in\u00a0<em>DeLisle\u00a0<\/em>alleged that he had contracted mesothelioma as a result of exposure to asbestos, both occupationally and in cigarette filters. The jury reached a verdict of $8 million in his favor. Reviewing the admission of the plaintiff\u2019s expert testimony under\u00a0<em>Daubert<\/em>, the Florida Fourth District Court of Appeal reversed, ordering a new trial for defendant R.J. Reynolds and entry of a directed verdict for defendant Crane. It held that the trial court had \u201cfailed to properly exercise its gatekeeping function\u201d as to plaintiff\u2019s causation experts.<\/p>\n<p>The Supreme Court\u2019s decision turned on whether the\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>Amendment was properly characterized as substantive or procedural. The latter, it pointed out, could be enacted only by the Court itself,\u00a0and repealed only by a supermajority of two thirds of each house of the legislature. Here, only the state Senate, not the House, had passed the bill by the requisite vote.<\/p>\n<p>The majority opinion addressed the relative merits of\u00a0<em>Daubert\u00a0<\/em>and\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>only in a footnote, expressing concern that the amendment \u201cwould affect access to the courts\u2026by imposing an additional burden on the courts.\u201d\u00a0A concurrence, however, offered a laundry list of objections to\u00a0<em>Daubert<\/em>: any other approach \u201creflects a mistrust of the jury system\u201d; it \u201chas blocked more court access than it has enabled\u201d; defendants \u201cexploit\u201d its requirements \u201cas a sword against plaintiffs\u2019 attorneys\u201d; it applies more often than\u00a0<em>Frye<\/em>\u201d; it often requires expensive, multi-day hearings\u201d; it increases the burdens on the parties.<\/p>\n<p>Curiously, the majority described\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>as \u201cthe higher standard of reliability,\u201d\u00a0quoting its own decision in\u00a0<em>Brim v. State<\/em>,\u00a0yet also reaffirmed its view that \u201c<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>is inapplicable to the vast majority of cases\u2026\u201d\u00a0It ignored R.J. Reynolds\u2019 argument that the\u00a0<em>DeLisle\u00a0<\/em>plaintiff\u2019s expert testimony should be excluded under\u00a0<em>either\u00a0<\/em>standard. Without analysis and in a single paragraph, the Court held that \u201cmedical causation is not new or novel and is not subject to\u00a0<em>Frye\u00a0<\/em>analysis.\u201d\u00a0The Court thus effectively authorized \u201cevery exposure\u201d testimony to reach the jury in Florida toxic tort cases without judicial screening.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Clifford J. Zatz and William L. Anderson | Crowell &amp; Moring LLP | October 22, 2018 Five years after the Florida legislature amended the state\u2019s evidence code to incorporate the\u00a0Daubert\u00a0standard for admissibility of expert testimony, the Florida Supreme Court last week held the amendment unconstitutional.\u00a0\u201cWith our decision today,\u201d said the Court, \u201cwe reaffirm that\u00a0Frye, not\u00a0Daubert,&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/florida-supreme-court-rebuffs-legislatures-mandate-adopt-daubert-standard\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Florida Supreme Court Rebuffs Legislature\u2019s Mandate to Adopt Daubert Standard<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[7],"tags":[9895,98,17,94,10286],"class_list":["post-895137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-expert-witness","tag-advise-consult","tag-daubert-challenge","tag-expert-witness-2","tag-florida","tag-frye-standard","entry"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Florida Supreme Court Rebuffs Legislature\u2019s Mandate to Adopt Daubert Standard - Advise &amp; 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