{"id":898018,"date":"2020-09-30T12:01:24","date_gmt":"2020-09-30T18:01:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/?p=898018"},"modified":"2020-09-30T12:01:29","modified_gmt":"2020-09-30T18:01:29","slug":"cgl-faulty-workmanship-michigan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/cgl-faulty-workmanship-michigan\/","title":{"rendered":"Michigan Supreme Court Finds Faulty Subcontractor Work That Damages Insured\u2019s Work Product May Constitute an \u201cOccurrence\u201d Under CGL Policy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Jason Taylor | <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.traublieberman.com\/perspectives\/michigan-supreme-court-finds-faulty-subcontractor-work-that-damages-insureds-work-product-may-constitute-an-occurrence-under-cgl-policy\" target=\"_blank\">Traub Lieberman Straus &amp; Shrewsberry<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In\u00a0<em>Skanska USA Bldg. Inc. v. M.A.P. Mech. Contractors, Inc.,<\/em>\u00a02020 WL 3527909 (Mich. June 29, 2020), the Michigan Supreme Court addressed whether <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/subs-defective-work-accident\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">unintentionally faulty subcontractor work<\/a> that damages an insured\u2019s work product constitutes an \u201caccident\u201d under a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/open-door-cgl-claims-construction-defects\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">commercial general liability insurance policy<\/a>. In aligning itself with a growing number of jurisdictions, the Michigan Supreme Court answered, \u201cyes.\u201d In\u00a0<em>Skanska<\/em>, a construction manager brought an action against a commercial general liability (CGL) insurer seeking coverage as additional insured for the cost of repairs to correct faulty work performed by its subcontractor in renovation of medical center. In 2009, the construction manager hired MAP to install a steam boiler and related piping for the medical center\u2019s heating system. MAP\u2019s installation included several expansion joints, which it was later discovered, were installed backward. Significant damage to concrete, steel, and the heating system occurred as a result. The construction manager performed the work of repairing and replacing the damaged property to the tune of $1.4 million, and submitted a claim to MAP\u2019s CGL insurer, Amerisure, seeking coverage as an additional insured.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amerisure denied the claim contending that MAP\u2019s defective construction was not a covered \u201coccurrence\u201d within the CGL policy. The policy defined \u201coccurrence\u201d as \u201can accident, including continuous or repeated exposure to substantially the same general harmful conditions,\u201d but did not define the term \u201caccident.\u201d The trial court looked to the Court of Appeal\u2019s decision in&nbsp;<em>Hawkeye-Sec. Ins. Co. v. Vector Const. Co.<\/em><em>,<\/em>&nbsp;185 Mich. App. 369 (1990), which defined \u201caccident\u201d as \u201c\u2026a result which is not anticipated and\u2026takes place without the insured\u2019s foresight or expectation and without design or intentional causation on his part.\u201d But, again citing&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;serNum=1990132439&amp;pubNum=0000595&amp;originatingDoc=Ia3a8c4a0baf211eabb91c2e2bc8b49a5&amp;refType=RP&amp;originationContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;contextData=(sc.UserEnteredCitation)\"><em>Hawkeye<\/em><\/a>, the trial court concluded that \u201c[d]efective workmanship, standing alone, is not an occurrence within the meaning of a[ ] general liability insurance contract[;] an occurrence exists where the insured\u2019s faulty work product damages the property of another.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The trial court held that an \u201coccurrence\u201d&nbsp;<em>may<\/em>&nbsp;have happened because the damage caused by MAP\u2019s defective installation of the expansion joints&nbsp;<em>may<\/em>&nbsp;have gone beyond the scope of the work required by the contract between the plaintiff and the medical center. On appeal, however, the Court of Appeals reversed the trial court and ordered that summary disposition be granted to Amerisure reasoning that there was no \u201coccurrence\u201d under the CGL policy because the only damage was to the insured\u2019s own work product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Michigan Supreme Court reversed again holding that faulty work by a subcontractor may fall within the plain meaning of an \u201coccurrence,\u201d or \u201caccident.\u201d The Michigan Supreme Court rejected the carrier\u2019s argument that faulty workmanship to the insured\u2019s product was not an \u201coccurrence\u201d because it lacked \u201cfortuity.\u201d According to the court, fortuity is&nbsp;<em>one way to show<\/em>&nbsp;that an incident is an accident, but it is not the&nbsp;<em>only<\/em>&nbsp;way. Rather, appropriate focus of the term \u201caccident\u201d must be on both the injury-causing act or event and its relation to the resulting property damage or injury, which must be analyzed from the subjective standpoint of the insured. Thus, even if an insured acts intentionally, the act may still be an \u201caccident\u201d under policy so long as the injury or damage was not specifically intended by the insured. The Michigan Supreme Court also noted that the policy did not limit the definition of \u201coccurrence\u201d by reference to the owner of the damaged property, which might otherwise preclude a finding of an \u201coccurrence\u201d for damage to the insured\u2019s own work product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The court, referencing other similar rulings in other jurisdictions, resorted to its reading the contract as a whole to confirm its conclusion. For example, the court reasoned that the policy contained an exclusion precluding coverage for damage to an insured\u2019s own work product (the \u201cYour Work\u201d exclusion), but that the exclusion contains an exception for work performed by a subcontractor on the insured\u2019s behalf. Thus, \u201c[i]f faulty workmanship by a subcontractor could never constitute an \u2018accident\u2019 and therefore never be an \u2018occurrence\u2019 triggering coverage in the first place, the subcontractor exception would be nugatory.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Skanska<\/em>, 2020 WL 3527909 at *6 (citing cases). Put another way, if the insuring agreement does not confer an initial grant of coverage for injury or damage to the insured\u2019s own faulty work, then there would be no reason for the \u201cyour work\u201d exclusion (and the subcontractor exception).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;<em>Skanska<\/em>&nbsp;Court also reviewed the context and history of CGL policies, including policy language changes from the 1973 policy forms to those adopted in 1986 in support of its conclusion that an \u201caccident\u201d may include damage to an insured\u2019s own work product, and referred to cases holding otherwise as an \u201coutdated view\u201d of the insurance industry. While this history is interesting, it is beyond the scope of this post. Suffice it to say, the Michigan Supreme Court found that \u201cthe 1986 reformation of the scope of coverage under the CGL policies underscored a plain reading of \u201caccident\u201d\u2014that faulty subcontractor work may fall within the policy\u2019s coverage.&nbsp;<em>Id<\/em>. at *10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In sum, the Michigan Supreme Court\u2019s holding in&nbsp;<em>Skanska<\/em>&nbsp;aligned Michigan with the growing body of jurisdiction to hold that an \u201caccident\u201d may include unintentionally faulty subcontractor work that damages an insured\u2019s work product. Of course, the next logical inquiry is whether one or more of the CGL policy\u2019s \u201cbusiness risk\u201d exclusion might apply. (Notably, the Court did not address application of the \u201cyour work\u201d policy exclusion. Specifically, Amerisure argued that because MAP was a named insured under the CGL policy, the subcontractor exception to the \u201cyour work\u201d exclusion did not apply, and the exclusion barred coverage. The Court merely remanded this question, among others, to the Court of Appeals to address, depending on whether it determines they are properly presented and preserved for its review.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jason Taylor | Traub Lieberman Straus &amp; Shrewsberry In\u00a0Skanska USA Bldg. Inc. v. M.A.P. Mech. Contractors, Inc.,\u00a02020 WL 3527909 (Mich. June 29, 2020), the Michigan Supreme Court addressed whether unintentionally faulty subcontractor work that damages an insured\u2019s work product constitutes an \u201caccident\u201d under a commercial general liability insurance policy. In aligning itself with a growing&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.myconstructionexpert.com\/blog\/cgl-faulty-workmanship-michigan\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Michigan Supreme Court Finds Faulty Subcontractor Work That Damages Insured\u2019s Work Product May Constitute an \u201cOccurrence\u201d Under CGL Policy<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[10791,11092,30],"tags":[9895,392,4739,68,8675],"class_list":["post-898018","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-commercial-general-liability-policy","category-faulty-workmanship","category-general-liability-policy","tag-advise-consult","tag-cgl-policy","tag-commercial-general-liability-policy","tag-faulty-workmanship","tag-michigan","entry"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Michigan Supreme Court Finds Faulty Subcontractor Work That Damages Insured\u2019s Work Product May Constitute an \u201cOccurrence\u201d Under CGL Policy - Advise &amp; 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